E le ho finyella tlhokahalo e ntseng e eketseha ea matla, indasteri e ncha ea matla e tsoetse pele lilemong tse hlano tse fetileng.Har'a bona, indasteri ea Photovoltaic e fetohile sebaka se chesang indastering e ncha ea matla ka lebaka la ho tšepahala le botsitso, bophelo bo bolelele ba tšebeletso le ho kenya habonolo.Haeba u sa tsoa ba le mohopolo oa ho reka liphanele tsa letsatsi kapa pv module, empa ha u tsebe ho khetha.Sheba feela sengoloa sena.
Lintlha tsa motheo tsa liphanele tsa letsatsi:
Liphanele tsa letsatsi ha e le hantle ke lisebelisoa tse neng li tloaetse ho tšoara matla a letsatsi, li monya khanya ea letsatsi ebe li hlahisa motlakase ka ho fetolela photon hore e be electron, ’me tšebetso eo e bitsoa Photovoltaic effect.Ha khanya ea letsatsi e khanyetsa setsing sa letsatsi, li-photoelectrons tse holim'a liphanele li susumetsoa ke mahlaseli a letsatsi, a li lumellang ho etsa lipara tsa photoelectron.Elektrone e le 'ngoe e phallela ho anode' me e 'ngoe e phallela ho cathode, e etsa tsela ea hona joale.Liphanele tsa silicon li na le bophelo ba tšebeletso ea lilemo tse fetang 25, empa ka keketseho ea ho sebelisa lihora tse ngata, bokhoni ba bona bo tla fokotseha ka lebelo le ka bang 0.8% ka selemo.Kahoo u se ke oa tšoenyeha, le kamora ts'ebeliso ea lilemo tse 10, liphanele tsa hau li ntse li boloka ts'ebetso e phahameng.
Matsatsing ana, lihlahisoa tse ka sehloohong 'marakeng li kenyelletsa liphanele tsa monocrystalline, liphanele tsa polycrystalline, liphanele tsa PERC le liphanele tsa lifilimi tse tšesaane.
Har'a mefuta eo ea lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi, liphanele tsa monocrystalline ke tsona tse sebetsang ka ho fetisisa empa hape li theko e boima ka ho fetisisa.Sena se bakoa ke ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso - hobane lisele tsa letsatsi li entsoe ka likristale tsa silicon ka bomong, bahlahisi ba tlameha ho jara litšenyehelo tsa ho etsa likristale tseo.Ts'ebetso ena, e tsejoang e le ts'ebetso ea Czochralase, e na le matla a matla 'me e baka litšila tsa silicon (tseo li ka sebelisoang ho etsa lisele tsa letsatsi tsa polycrystalline).
Le hoja e theko e boima ho feta liphanele tsa polycrystalline, e sebetsa hantle ebile e sebetsa hantle.Ka lebaka la ho sebelisana ha silicon e khanyang le e hloekileng, liphanele tsa monocrystalline li hlaha ka botšo, 'me hangata li tšoeu kapa li ntšo ka morao.Ha e bapisoa le liphanele tse ling, e na le mocheso o phahameng oa ho hanyetsa, 'me o hlahisa matla a mangata tlas'a mocheso o phahameng.Empa ka nts'etsopele ea theknoloji le ntlafatso ea tlhahiso ea silicon, liphanele tsa monocrystallien li fetohile sehlahisoa se ka sehloohong 'marakeng.Lebaka ke ho fokotsa silicon ea polycrystalline ka katleho, e ka fihlang ho 20% feela, ha katleho ea liphanele tsa monocrystalline hangata ke 21-24%.'Me lekhalo la theko pakeng tsa bona le fokotseha, ka hona, liphanele tsa monocrystalline ke khetho e kholo ka ho fetisisa.
Liphanele tsa polycrystalline li entsoe ka silicon wafer, e nolofatsang mokhoa oa ho etsa libeteri - theko e tlase, theko e tlase.Ho fapana le liphanele tsa monocrystalline, lisele tsa liphanele tsa polycrystalline li putsoa ha li ntse li bonahatsa leseli.Ke phapang pakeng tsa likhechana tsa silicon le kristale e hloekileng ea silicon ka 'mala.
PERC e emetse Passivated Emitter le Rear Cell, hape e bitsoa 'rear cell', e entsoeng ka theknoloji e tsoetseng pele.Mofuta ona oa solar panel o sebetsa hantle haholo ka ho eketsa lera ka morao ho lisele tsa letsatsi.Liphanele tse tloaelehileng tsa letsatsi li monya khanya ea letsatsi ho isa bohōleng bo itseng feela, ’me leseli le leng le feta ka ho toba ho tsona.Lera le eketsehileng ho PERC solar panel le ka monya leseli le fetang hape 'me la ntlafatsa ts'ebetso.Theknoloji ea PERC hangata e sebelisoa liphanele tsa monocrystalline, 'me matla a eona a lekantsoeng ke a phahameng ka ho fetisisa har'a liphanele tsa letsatsi tse marakeng.
Ho fapana le liphanele tsa monocrystalline le li-polycrystalline panels, li-panels tse tšesaane-filimi li entsoe ka lisebelisoa tse ling, tseo haholo-holo ka: cadmium telluride (CdTe) le copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS).Lisebelisoa tsena li behiloe holim'a likhalase kapa li-backplane tsa polasetiki ho e-na le silicon, e leng ho etsang hore ho be bonolo ho kenya liphanele tsa lifilimi tse tšesaane.Ka hona, o ka boloka litšenyehelo tse ngata tsa ho kenya.Empa ts'ebetso ea eona ka katleho e mpe ka ho fetisisa, e nang le ts'ebetso e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea 15% feela.Ho phaella moo, e na le nako e khutšoanyane ea bophelo ha e bapisoa le liphanele tsa monocrystalline le li-polycrystalline panels.
U ka khetha li-panels tse nepahetseng joang?
E itšetlehile ka litlhoko tsa hau le tikoloho eo u e sebelisang ho eona .
Taba ea pele, haeba u mosebelisi oa bolulo 'me u na le sebaka se lekanyelitsoeng sa ho beha sistimi ea solar.Ebe liphanele tsa letsatsi tse nang le ts'ebetso e phahameng joalo ka liphanele tsa monocrystalline kapa PERC monocrystalline panels li tla ba betere.Li na le matla a phahameng a tlhahiso, ka hona ke likhetho tse phethahetseng bakeng sa sebaka se senyenyane ho eketsa bokhoni.Haeba u khopisitsoe ke likoloto tse phahameng tsa motlakase kapa u li nka e le letsete ka ho rekisa motlakase ho lik'hamphani tsa motlakase oa motlakase, liphanele tsa monocrystalline li ke ke tsa u tlohela.Leha e bitsa chelete e ngata ho feta liphanele tsa polycrystalline sethaleng sa pejana, empa ha nako e ntse e ea, e fana ka bokhoni bo phahameng mme e u thusa ho fokotsa likoloto tsa hau ka motlakase.Ha moputso oa hau oa ho boloka likoloto le ho rekisa motlakase (haeba inverter ea hau e le holim'a gridi) e koahela litšenyehelo tsa sete ea lisebelisoa tsa photovoltaic, u ka ba ua lefshoa ka ho rekisa motlakase.Khetho ena e sebetsa le lifemeng kapa meahong ea khoebo e lekantsoeng ke sebaka.
Boemo ba ho kenya liphanele tsa polycrystalline ho hlakile hore ho fapana le hoo.Ka lebaka la theko e tlase, e sebetsa lifemeng kapa meahong ea khoebo e nang le sebaka se lekaneng sa ho kenya liphanele.Hobane lisebelisoa tsena li na le libaka tse lekaneng tsa ho beha lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi ho etsa hore ho se ke ha e-ba le katleho.Boemong ba mofuta ona, liphanele tsa polycrystalline li fana ka ts'ebetso e ntle ea litšenyehelo.
Ha e le liphanele tsa lifilimi tse tšesaane, ka kakaretso li ne li sebelisoa morerong o moholo oa lisebelisoa ka lebaka la theko e tlaase le bokhoni ba tsona kapa marulelo a mehaho e meholo ea khoebo e ke keng ea tšehetsa boima ba lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi.Kapa u ka li beha ho Recreational Vehicles le liketsoana e le 'semela se nkehang habonolo'.
Ka kakaretso, khetha ka hloko ha u reka lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi, kaha nako ea tsona ea bophelo e ka fihla lilemo tse 20 ka karolelano.Empa ha ho thata joalokaha u nahana, feela ho ea ka melemo le melemo ea mofuta o mong le o mong oa motlakase oa letsatsi, 'me u kopane le litlhoko tsa hau, joale u ka fumana karabo e phethahetseng.
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