Electrochemical energy storage batteries are emerging as key players in the energy storage sector due to their modular design and high energy conversion efficiency. Representative technologies include lithium-ion batteries, sodium-sulfur batteries, and vanadium redox flow batteries. However, challenges such as high system construction costs and limited cycle life under deep charge and discharge conditions remain significant barriers during demonstration and commercial operations. To foster sustainable development in the current landscape of battery energy storage technologies, the following strategies are proposed:
Synchronized Development with Renewable Energy
Renewable energy generation is intermittent and unstable. By utilizing shallow charge and discharge cycles in energy storage batteries, the output of renewable energy sources can be smoothed, reducing the impact on the grid and significantly increasing the integration of renewable energy into the grid. Additionally, shallow cycling greatly extends the lifespan of energy storage batteries. Thus, when planning renewable energy generation and grid transmission lines, corresponding energy storage solutions should be integrated to promote synchronized development of storage and renewable energy systems.
Implementing Energy Storage Pricing Policies
Expanding the price difference between peak and off-peak electricity and introducing time-of-use tariffs can enable efficient allocation of power resources while creating economic value for energy storage investments. By formulating energy storage pricing policies and conducting cost-benefit analyses, renewable energy tariffs that include energy storage solutions can be established, enhancing the financial feasibility of energy storage projects.
Innovating Business Models for the Energy Storage Industry
As an emerging sector, the energy storage industry requires innovative business models to drive its growth. It is recommended that government agencies and research institutions explore market mechanisms and business models such as clean development mechanisms, financial leasing, and energy performance contracting to ensure the sustainable development of the energy storage industry in alignment with economic principles.
Promoting Market-Oriented Operation of Distributed Solar-Storage Stations
With strong government support for distributed photovoltaic generation, efforts should focus on integrating energy storage systems into rooftop PV power plants. This includes conducting research and pilot projects to explore the potential market demand for community energy storage systems. For instance, surplus electricity could be sold directly to large power consumers rather than the grid, paving the way for a "self-generation, self-consumption and external supply" operational mechanism for distributed solar-storage systems. This market-oriented approach can drive the sustainable development of the energy storage industry.
By addressing these key areas, the battery energy storage industry can effectively overcome current challenges, unlock its full potential, and achieve long-term growth in harmony with renewable energy advancements.
